Introduction
The Solar and Magnetospheric MHD Theory Group at the School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of St Andrews hosts one of the three clusters of the UK MHD Consortium. Similar clusters are located at the Universities of Warwick and Leeds. It is also used by the Astronomy Group, as well as the Schools of Chemistry and Biology.
Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) describes the dynamics of conducting fluids, which are based on the interaction of electromagnetic fields with the flow of particles in the fluid. The theory combines the Navier-Stokes equations of fluid dynamics with electromagnetism as described by Maxwell's equations. Hannes Alfvén received the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for formulating the underlying theory. It applies to systems of various lenght scales, from plasmas of subatomic particles to the movements of galaxies. The above picure shows a solar flare, which can release particles and radiation carrying more than 1025 J of energy.
Hardware
Compute nodes
The cluster consists of 201 compute nodes, each containing twelve cores (two 2.8/2.93GHz 6-core Intel Xeon X5660/X5670 processors), 24GB memory and 60GB local scratch disk.
Storage
150TB of shared disk are available as scratch space via the parallel Lustre file system.
Network
All components are linked via QDR Infiniband and Gigabit Ethernet. 18 blades inside one chassis are share full QDR connectivity; the maximum contention between different chassis is 3:1.
Software and Usage
Login
The login nodes are wardlaw10 for MHD users and wardlaw11 for everybody else. The full address is wardlaw{10,11}.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk. You will receive instructions for authentication and login when your account is created.
File Systems
Your home directory is backed up every night, but has a quota of 10 GB per user. This is meant for configuration files, source code and other data you cannot afford to lose.
Calculations should normally be run from the scratch directory (/scratch/MHD/<username> for MHD users, /scratch/st-andrews/<username> for everybody else). This is a fast parallel filesystem where large amounts of data can be created and accessed quickly. The cluster has no capacity for long-term storage, and you should move data that is not required for further calculations somewhere else.
Compilers
and MPI
The Intel compilers
(version 11.1 and 12.0) as well as the GNU compilers
(gcc/gfortran version 4.1.2) are available. The Intel
compilers generally give the best performance.
Versions 11 and 12 have slightly different
performance characteristics (and bugs), so please
try both. The Intel Math Kernel Library (MKL) is
included with both versions and should be used
whenever possible where BLAS, LAPACK or FFT
routines are used, because it is much faster than
compiled source code.Two implementations of MPI are installed: Intel MPI (as part of the Intel Cluster Studio) and BullX MPI, the supported version from the cluster vendor. Feel free to try both, but DO NOT MIX MPI VERSIONS OR YOUR CODE WILL FAIL! When switching from one to the other, make sure that all source code is recompiled and the correct include files and libraries are used. I personally find Intel MPI slightly more reliable, but it very much depends on the nature of your parallel calculations.
Intel MPI
To set up the include directories and library files for Intel MPI and version 12 of the compiler, execute the following two lines before compiling:
source /usr/local/intel/bin/compilervars.sh intel64
source /usr/local/intel/mkl/bin/mklvars.sh intel64
source /usr/local/intel/impi/4.0.3.008/intel64/bin/mpivars.sh
The compiler wrapper to use is then mpiifort or mpiicc (not mpif90/mpicc, which will pick up the GNU compilers). An example batch job for running a program compiled this way can be found in /usr/local/examples/job-mpi.
BullX-MPI
The compilation and run enironment for this implementation (using the Intel 11.1 compilers, but it should also work with version 12) is set up with the following commands:
source /opt/intel/Compiler/11.1/072/bin/ifortvars.sh intel64
source /opt/intel/Compiler/11.1/072/mkl/tools/environment/mklvarsem64t.sh
source /opt/mpi/bullxmpi/1.0.2/bin/mpivars.sh
You then compile using the commands mpif90/mpif77/mpicc/mpiCC, depending on the language used.
For further details, see the example batch jobs below and in /usr/local/examples. Please make sure that the environment used in the batch job matches that used during compilation.
Queueing System
All calculations should be submitted to the batch queues, to be carried out on the compute nodes. The cluster is using the SLURM queueing system and scheduler. The most important user commands are sbatch, squeue and scancel. (If you are used to SGE or PBS based queueing systems, these are the equivalents of qsub, qstat and qdel, respectively.) You can find out the complete syntax with the command man (e.g. man squeue), but the most common combinations of command and flags are the following:
sbatch <jobscript>
where you replace <jobscript> with the name of a file containing your script (see below). This submits <jobscript> to the queueing system. The scheduler will find a time when it can be run.
You can check the status of your jobs with squeue. The command
squeue -u <username>
(again replace <username> with your login name) will give you an output similar to the following:
[herbert@wardlaw10 ws]$ squeue -u pjb40
JOBID PARTITION NAME USER ST TIME NODES NODELIST(REASON)
7205 exclusive lowre pjb40 R 1-02:03:20 4 wardlaw[132-133,135,137]
7179 exclusive highre pjb40 R 1-07:02:51 5 wardlaw[138,141,143-145]
7178 exclusive convecto pjb40 R 1-07:33:09 1 wardlaw40
The fields in this output have the following meaning:
| Job ID: | This is what you need if you want to cancel the
job (scancel <job-id>). |
| partition: |
The queue it was submitted to (currently exclusive
or shared; see example below) |
| name: | Name of the job (can be given with the -J flag, see example below) |
| user: | Login name of the job's owner. |
| state: | For a full list, see "man squeue". The
most common ones are: |
| R: | Running |
| PD: | Pending (scheduled for later or waiting for
resources) |
| time: |
Time used so far |
| nodes: | Number of nodes requested |
| nodelist: | Cluster nodes where job is running |
| reason: | Reason why job is not running (Resources means
waiting for nodes) |
The command
scancel <job-id>
will remove a job from the queue. If it is running, it will be stopped.
Queues
For the moment, the available queues are called exclusive and shared. The exclusive queue always assigns whole nodes and should generally be used for parallel calculations using MPI. Single-core jobs, or any other runs that require less than 12 cores, should be submittted to the shared queue.
Example
job 1: Intel MPI
#!/bin/bash
#SBATCH -J imb
#SBATCH -N 2
#SBATCH -n 24
#SBATCH -t 48:00:00
#SBATCH -p exclusive
source /usr/local/intel/bin/compilervars.sh intel64
source /usr/local/intel/impi/4.0.3.008/bin64/mpivars.sh
export I_MPI_FABRICS=shm:dapl
mpirun -n $SLURM_NPROCS IMB-MPI1 >IMB-intel-24.out
A batch job is a script consisting of two parts: directives telling the queueing system about the resources required for the job, and the commands to be executed once it is running. Here is an explanation of the job above:
#!/bin/bash
Specify the shell to use for the script to run. Bash is the default shell on the cluster and should be used unless you know what you are doing. This must be the first line.
#SBATCH -J imb
Give the job a name that will appear in the squeue output.
#SBATCH -N 2
Request two nodes.
#SBATCH -n 24
Request space for 24 tasks. This is also the number of processes started in an MPI calculation, and should not exceed the number of cores on your nodes (12 x N).
#SBATCH -t 48:00:00
Request 48 hours. Time can be specified in seconds, or as hh:mm:ss. Requesting shorter times increases the chances of a job running soon due to backfilling by the scheduler. The maximum time you can request depends on the user group you belong to. For UKMHD users, it is 48 hours. Longer jobs can be run after informing me and may need approval from one of the PIs.
#$ -p exclusive
Specify the queue ("partition") to run in. Most parallel applications should use exclusive. The alternative is shared, which is meant for jobs using less than one complete node (i.e. single-core calculations)
The rest of the script contains the commands to be executed when the job starts. In this case, this consists of setting up the environment for Intel MPI and starting a parallel program using mpirun:
source /usr/local/intel/bin/compilervars.sh intel64
source /usr/local/intel/impi/4.0.3.008/bin64/mpivars.sh
export I_MPI_FABRICS=shm:dapl
These three lines set up the environment (including executable and library paths) such that Intel MPI and libraries are used. Don't change this unless you know what you are doing.
mpirun -n $SLURM_NPROCS ./program_name
Run your aplication as usual. The variable SLURM_NPROCS contains the number of tasks you requested. The nodes to use are automatically taken from the SLURM environment.
Example
job 2: BullX MPI
#!/bin/bash
#SBATCH -J imb
#SBATCH -N 2
#SBATCH -n 24
#SBATCH -t 48:00:00
#SBATCH -p exclusive
source /opt/intel/Compiler/11.1/072/bin/ifortvars.sh intel64
source /opt/mpi/bullxmpi/1.0.2/bin/mpivars.sh
mpirun /usr/local/progs/CASTEP-5.5.1/obj/linux_x86_64_ifort11/castep tetradecanoic3
The SLURM directives are identical to those in job 1 above, see there for an explanation. The only difference is that the environment is configured for BullX-MPI and version 11 of the Intel compilers (the two lines starting with source), and mpirun requires no flags, as all information on the compute nodes used is taken from the SLURM environment.
Contact
To get an account, report problems and for any kind of support, please contact the system administrator, Dr Herbert Früchtl. New MHD accounts have to be approved by Prof Alan Hood.
Publications
More than 250 articles using work on the current and previous MHD clusters have been published in international peer-reviewed journals since the previous cluster's commissioning in 2006.
| 2006 | ||
| 1 | Arber, T.D. and Haynes, M. “A generalized Petschek magnetic reconnection rate”, Physics of Plasmas 13 (11): Art. No. 112105, 2006 | |
| 2 | Archontis, V.; Galsgaard, K.; Moreno-Insertis, F.; Hood, A. W.: “Three-dimensional Plasmoid Evolution in the Solar Atmosphere”, Astrophys J, 645, L161-L164 (2006). | |
| 3 | Baty, H., Priest, E.R. and Forbes, T.G., “Effect of nonuniform resistivity in Petschek reconnection”, Phys. of Plasmas, 13, pp 022312/1-7 (2006) | |
| 4 | Brady, C.S., Verwichte, E., Arber, T.D. “Leakage of waves from coronal loops by wave tunneling”, Astron. Astrophys.449 (1): 389-399, 2006 | |
| 5 | Bushby, P.J. “Zonal flows and grand minima in a solar dynamo model”. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 371, 772 (2006) | |
| 6 | Cattaneo, F., Hughes, D.W., “Dynamo action in a rotating convective layer”, J. Fluid Mech. 553, 401-418, 2006 | |
| 7 | Courvoisier, A., Hughes, D.W., Tobias, S.M. “alpha-effect in a family of chaotic flows”, Phys. Rev. Lett 96, 34503-1:4, 2006 | |
| 8 | S.C. Chapman, R.E. Lee, R.O. Dendy, “Reforming perpendicular shocks and ion acceleration”, Space. Sci. Rev., 121,5, (2006) | |
| 9 | Chang, Y. Liao X. and Zhang, K., “Convection in rotating annular channels heated from below. Part 2. Transition to turbulence”, Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 100:215-241 (2006). | |
| 10 | Chan, K., Zhang K. J. Zou, “Spherical interface dynamos: mathematical theory, finite element approximation, and application”, SIAM J. Numerical Analysis. 44:1877-1902. | |
| 11 | De Moortel, I. and Galsgaard, K., “Numerical modelling of 3D reconnection due to rotational footpoint motions”, A&A, 451, pp 1101-1116 (2006) | |
| 12 | De Moortel, I., Galsgaard, K., “Numerical modelling of 3D reconnection: II. Comparison between rotational and spinning footpoint motions”, A&A, 459, 627-639 (2006) | |
| 13 | De Pontieu, B., & Erdélyi, R. “The Nature of Moss and Lower Atmospheric Seismology”, Phil. Trans. of The Royal Society A, 364 (1839): 383-394 , (2006) | |
| 14 | Erdélyi, R. “Magnetic Coupling of Waves and Oscillations in the Lower Solar Atmosphere: Can the Tail Wag the Dog?” Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, 364, pp.351-382 (2006) | |
| 15 | Erdélyi, R. & Carter, B. “Wave Propagation in incompressible MHD Wave Guide: The Twisted Magnetic Annulus”, Astron. Astrophys, 455, pp.361-370 (2006) | |
| 16 | Erdélyi, R. & Fedun, V. “Solitary Wave Propagation in Solar Flux Tubes”, Phys. Plasmas, 13, pp.032902/1-9 (2006) | |
| 17 | Erdélyi, R. & Fedun, V. “Sausage MHD waves in incompressible flux tubes with twisted magnetic fields”, Solar Phys, 238, pp.41-59 (2006) | |
| 18 | Erdélyi, R. & Fedun, V. “MHD waves in Magnetically Twisted Solar Atmospheric Flux Tubes”, in Solar Activity and its Magnetic Origin, (eds.) A.A. Hady et al., IAUS, 233, pp.1-2 (2006) | |
| 19 | Gillet, N and Jones, C.A., “The quasi-geostrophic model for rapidly rotating spherical convection outside the tangent cylinder”, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 554, 343 - 369 (2006). | |
| 20 | Johansen A, Klahr H, Mee AJ, “Turbulent diffusion in protoplanetary discs: the effect of an imposed magnetic field” Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. Lett. 370, L71-L75 (2006). | |
| 21 | Kersale E., Hughes, D.W., Ogilvie, G.I., Tobias, S.M. “Global magnetorotational instability with inflow. II The nonlinear development of axisymmetric wall modes”, ApJ 638, 382-390, 2006 | |
| 22 | Khodachenko, M.L., Rucker, H.O., Oliver, R., et al. “On the mechanisms of MHD wave damping in the partially ionized solar plasmas”, Advances in Space Research 37 (3): 447-455, 2006 | |
| 23 | Leake, J.E., Arber, T.D. “The emergence of magnetic flux through a partially ionised solar atmosphere”, Astron. Astrophys.450 (2): 805-818, 2006 | |
| 24 | Liao, X. Zhang K., Y. “Chang, On boundary-layer convection in a rotating fluid layer”, J. Fluid Mech. 549:375-384 (2006). | |
| 25 | Liao, X. and Zhang K., “On the convective excitation of torsional oscillations in rotating systems”, Astrophys. J. 638:L113-116 (2006). | |
| 26 | Mackay, D.H. and Van Ballegooijen, A.A., “Models of the Large-Scale Corona: II) Magnetic Connectivity and Open Flux Variation.”, ApJ, 642, pp 1193-1204 (2006) | |
| 27 | Mackay, D.H. and Van Ballegooijen, A.A., “Models of the Large-Scale Corona: I) Formation, Evolution and Lift-Off of Magnetic Flux Ropes.”, ApJ, 641, pp 577-589 (2006) | |
| 28 | Mee AJ, Brandenburg A, 2006 “Turbulence from localized random expansion waves” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 370 (1): 415-419 | |
| 29 | Mendoza-Briceno, C. A. & Erdélyi, R. “Intermittent Coronal Loop Oscillations by Random Energy Releases”, ApJ, 648, pp.722-731 (2006) | |
| 30 | Merrifield, J.A., Arber, T.D., Chapman, S.C., Dendy, R.O. “The scaling properties of two-dimensional compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence”, Physics of Plasmas, 13, 012305, 2006 | |
| 31 | Murray, M. J.; Hood, A. W.; Moreno-Insertis, F.; Galsgaard, K.; Archontis, V.: 2006 “3D simulations identifying the effects of varying the twist and field strength of an emerging flux tube”, Astron & Astrophys, 460, pp.909-923. | |
| 32 | von Rekowski B., Parnell C., Priest E.: “Solar coronal heating by magnetic cancellation: I. connected equal bipoles”, MNRAS, 366 (1): 125-136 (2006). | |
| 33 | von Rekowski B., Parnell C., Priest E.: “Solar coronal heating by magnetic cancellation: II. Disconnected or unequal bipoles”, MNRAS 369 (1) 43-56 (2006). | |
| 34 | von Rekowski B., Piskunov N.: “Global 3-D solar-type star-disc dynamo systems: I. MHD modelling”, AN 327 (4): 340-354 (2006). | |
| 35 | Rotvig J. Jones, C.A., “Multiple jets and bursting in the rapidly rotating convecting two-dimensional annulus model with nearly plane-parallel boundaries”, J. Fluid Mech. 567 117 - 140, 2006 | |
| 36 | Shelyag, S., Erdélyi, R. & Thompson, M. J. “Forward Modelling of Acoustic Wave Propagation in the Quiet Solar Sub-Photosphere”, ApJ, 651, 576-583 (2006) | |
| 37 | Shukurov A, Sokoloff D, Subramanian K, et al., 2006 “Galactic dynamo and helicity losses through fountain flow”, Astronomy & Astrophysics 448 (2): L33-L36 | |
| 38 | Shukurov A, Subramanian K, Haugen NEL, 2006 “The origin and evolution of cluster magnetism”, Astronomische Nachrichten 327 (5-6): 583-586 | |
| 39 | Simpson, D., Ruderman, M.S. & Erdélyi, R. “Absolute and Convective Instabilities of Parallel Propagating Circularly Polarized Alfvén Waves: Numerical Results”, Astron. Astrophys, 452, pp.641-646 (2006) | |
| 40 | Silvers, L. J., Balbus, S. A, “Convergence Study of the Magnetorotational Instability in a Shearing Box With a Mean Field”, SF2A-2006, 107-108. (2006) | |
| 41 | Sircombe, N.J., Dieckmann, M.E., Shukla, P.K., et al. “Stabilisation of BGK modes by relativistic effects”, Astron. Astrophys.452 (2): 371-381, 2006 | |
| 42 | Snodin AP, Brandenburg A, Mee AJ, Shukurov A, “Simulating field-aligned diffusion of a cosmic ray gas”, Monthly Notices of the NRAS, 373 (2), pp. 643-652 (2006). | |
| 43 | Sreenivasan, B., Jones, C.A. “The role of inertia in the evolution of spherical dynamos”, Geophysical Journal International 164, 467-476, 2006 | |
| 44 | Subramanian K, Shukurov A, Haugen NEL, 2006 “Evolving turbulence and magnetic fields in galaxy clusters” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 366 (4): 1437-1454 | |
| 45 | Taroyan, Y. & Erdélyi, R. “Seismology of Quiescent Coronal Loops”, in Solar Activity and its Magnetic Origin, (eds.) A.A. Hady et al., IAUS, 233, pp.3-4 (2006) | |
| 46 | Thomas, J. H., Weiss, N. O., Tobias, S. M. Brummell, N. H. “On the fine structure of magnetic fields in sunspot penumbrae”, A&A 452, 1089-1090, 2006 | |
| 47 | Tsiklauri D., “A mechanism for parallel electric field generation in the MHD limit: possible implications for the coronal heating problem in the two stage mechanism”, Astron. Astrophys., 455, 1073-1080, (2006). | |
| 48 | Tsiklauri D., “A fresh look at the heating mechanisms of the solar corona”, New J. Phys., 8, 79, (2006). | |
| 49 | Youd AJ, C.F. Barenghi CF, 2006 “Hydromagnetic Taylor-Couette flow at very small aspect ratio”, J. Fluid Mechanics 550, 27—42 | |
| 50 | Zhang, K. and G. Schubert “Comparison of terrestrial and solar dynamos”, Rep. Prog. Phys. 69:1581-1605 (2006). | |
| 51 | Zhang, P., A. D. Gilbert and Zhang K., “Nonlinear dynamo action in rotating convection and shear.” J. Fluid Mech. 546:25-49 (2006). | |
| 52 | Zhang, K., Liao, X., X. Zhan and R. Zhu, “Convective instabilities in a rotating vertical Hele-Shaw cell”, Phys. of Fluids. 18, 124102-1-124102-10 (2006). | |
| 53 | G.J.J. Botha, A.M. Rucklidge, N.E. Hurlburt, “Converging and diverging convection around axisymmetric magnetic flux tubes”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2006, 369, 1611 - 1624 | |
| 2007 | ||
| 54 | T.D. Arber, M. Haynes and J.E. Leake “Emergence of a flux tube through a partially ionised solar atmosphere” ApJ, 666 (2007) 541 | |
| 55 | Archontis, V., Dorch, S.B.F. and Nordlund, A., “Nonlinear MHD dynamo operating at equipartition”, A&A, 472, pp 715-726 (2007) | |
| 56 | Archontis, V., Hood, A.W. and Brady, C., “Emergence and interaction of twisted flux tubes in the Sun”, Astron. Astrophys. 466, 367-376 (2007). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20066508 | |
| 57 | Banerjee, D., Erdélyi, R., Oliver, R. & O'Shea, E. “Evidences of Waves and Oscillations in the Solar Corona: Observational Review”, Solar Phys., 246, pp3-29. (2007) | |
| 58 | Barkov, M. V.; Komissarov, S. S. “Stellar explosions powered by the Blandford-Znajek mechanism” MNRAS 385, L28-L32 (2008), arXiv0710.2654 | |
| 59 | G.J.J. Botha, A.M. Rucklidge and N.E. Hurlburt. “Nonaxisymmetric instabilities of convection around magnetic flux tubes”, Astrophysical J. 662 (2007), L27-L30. | |
| 60 | G.J.J. Botha, A.M. Rucklidge and N.E. Hurlburt. “Numerical simulations of sunspots”, in Convection in Astrophysics (IAU S239) (eds. F. Kupka, I.W. Roxburgh and K.L. Chan) Cambridge University Press (2007). | |
| 61 | Brandenburg A, Korpi MJ, Mee AJ, 2007 “Thermal instability in shearing and periodic turbulence” Astrophysical Journal 654 (2): 945-954 | |
| 62 | Browning, PK, Van der Linden, RAM, Hood, AW, Gerrard, C., Kevis, R: 2007 “Coronal Heating and Taylor Relaxation”, submitted | |
| 63 | Bushby, P.J., “Super-equipartition fields in simulations of photospheric magnetoconvection”, in “Convection in Astrophysics”, Proceedings of IAU Symposium #239, Eds. F. Kupka, I. Roxburgh and K. Chan, p514. | |
| 64 | P.J. Bushby & S.M. Tobias, “On Predicting the Solar Cycle using Mean-Field Models”, Astrophysical Journal, 2007, 661(1), 1289-1296. | |
| 65 | Carter, B. & Erdélyi, R. “Sausage and Kink Oscillations in Incompressible Annular Magnetic Cylinders”, Astron. & Astrophys, 475, pp.323-331 (2007) | |
| 66 | Damiano, P.A., Wright, A.N., Sydora, R.D. and Samson, J.C., “Energy dissipation via electron energization in standing shear Alfven waves”, Phys. Plasma, 14, pp doi: 10.1063/1.2744226 (2007) | |
| 67 | Darah AA, Sarson GR, 2007 “Axisymmetric field generation within an ambient axial field” Astron. Nachr. 328 (1): 25-35 | |
| 68 | Erdélyi, R. & Fedun, V. “Linear MHD Sausage Waves in Compressible Magnetically Twisted Flux Tubes”, Solar Phys., 246, pp.101-118 (2007) | |
| 69 | Erdélyi, R. & Fedun, V. “Are There Alfven Waves in the Solar Atmosphere?”, Science, 318, pp.1572-1574 (2007) | |
| 70 | Chan, K., Zhang K., L. Li and X. Liao, “A new generation of convection-driven spherical dynamos using EBE finite element method”, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter, 163, 251-265 (2007). | |
| 71 | Erdélyi, R., Malins, C., Tóth, G. & De Pontieu, B. “Leakage of Photospheric Acoustic Waves into Non-magnetic Solar Atmosphere”, Astron. Atrophys, 467, 1299-1311 (2007) | |
| 72 | Erdélyi, R., Pintér, B. & Malins, C. “Leakage of Photospheric Motions into the Magnetic Solar Atmosphere -- New Prospects of Magneto-Seismology”, Astron. Nachrichten, 328, pp.305-308 (2007) | |
| 73 | Erdélyi, R. & Verth, G. “The Effect of Density Stratification on Coronal Loop Oscillations”, Astron. Astrophys, 462, pp.743-751 (2007) | |
| 74 | Feng, T. X. Liao, and Zhang K., “A quasi-geostrophic convection model for planetary systems using a domain decomposition method”, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 163, 266-282 (2007). | |
| 75 | Galsgaard, K., Archontis, V., Moreno-Insertis, F. and Hood, A.W., “The effect of the relative orientation between the coronal field and new emerging flux: I Global properties”, Astrophys J 666, 516-531 (2007). | |
| 76 | Gibbons, S.J., Gubbins, D. and  Zhang, K., (2007) “Convection in rotating spherical fluid shells with inhomogeneous heat flux at the outer boundary” Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 347, 347-370. | |
| 77 | M. Haynes and T.D. Arber “Observational properties of a kink unstable coronal loop” A&A, 467 (2007) 327-333 | |
| 78 | Haynes, A.L. and Parnell, C.E. “A tri-linear method for finding null points in a 3D vector space”, Physics of Plasmas, 14: 082107 (2007) | |
| 79 | Haynes, A.L., Parnell, C.E., Galsgaard, K. and Priest, E.R., “Magnetohydrodynamic evolution of magnetic skeletons”, Proc. Royal Soc. A, 463, pp 1097-1115 (2007) | |
| 80 | Hughes, D.W., Cattaneo, F. “The alpha-effect in rotating convection: size matters”, J. Fluid Mech., In Press, 2007 | |
| 81 | Isobe, H., Tripathi, D. and Archontis, V., “Ellerman Bombs and Jets Associated with Resistive Flux Emergence”, ApJ, 657, pp L53-L56 (2007) | |
| 82 | Kersalée, E., Hughes, D.W. & Tobias, S.M. 2007 “The nonlinear evolution of instabilities driven by magnetic buoyancy: a new mechanism for the formation of coherent magnetic structures”, Astrophys. J. 663, L113-L116. | |
| 83 | Kivotides D, Mee AJ, Barenghi CF, 2007 “Magnetic field generation by coherent turbulence structures”, New Journal of Physics 9 (2007) 291. | |
| 84 | Komissarov S.S., Barkov M., Lyutikov M., “Tearing instability in relativistic magnetically dominated plasmas”, MNRAS, 374, 415-426, 2007 | |
| 85 | Liao, X., Feng T., and Zhang K., “On the saturation and temporal variation of mean zonal flows: an implication for equatorial jets on giant planets”, Astrophys. J., 666, L41-L44 | |
| 86 | Liao, X., K. Zhang, Chang, Y., “Nonlinear torsional oscillations in rotating systems”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98:094501-1-094501-4. | |
| 87 | Livermore, P.W., Hughes, D.W., Tobias, S.M., “The role of helicity and stretching in forced kinematic dynamos in a spherica shell”, Phys. Fluids, In Press, 2007 | |
| 88 | Malins, C. & Erdélyi, R. “Direct Propagation of Photospheric Acoustic p-modes into Non-Magnetic Solar Atmosphere”, Solar Phys., 246, pp.41-52 (2007) | |
| 89 | Merrifield, J. A., Chapman, S. C. and Dendy, R. O. “Intermittency, dissipation and scaling in two dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence”, Phys. Plasmas, 14, 012301, (2007) | |
| 90 | Moss, Snodin, Englmaier, Shukurov, Beck & Sokoloff, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 465, 157-170, 2007. | |
| 91 | Murray, M. and Hood, A.W.: 2007 “Simple Emergence Structures from Complex Magnetic Fields”, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 470, 709-719, 2007. DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20077251 | |
| 92 | Pascoe, D.J., Nakariakov, V.M., Arber, T.D. “Sausage oscillations of coronal loops”, Astron. Astrophys.461 (3): 1149-1154, 2007 | |
| 93 | Pascoe D.J., Nakariakov V.M. and Arber T.D. “Sausage oscillations in multishell coronal structures”, Solar Physics, 246 (2007) 165. | |
| 94 | Petrovay, K., Erdélyi, R. & Thompson, M.J. “The Effect of Abnormal Granulation on Acoustic Wave Travel Times and Mode Frequencies” Solar Phys., 240, 197-209 (2007) | |
| 95 | Pintér, B., Erdélyi, R. & Goossens, M. “Global Oscillations in a Magnetic Solar Model: II. Oblique Propagation”, Astron. Astrophys., 466, 377-388 (2007) | |
| 96 | Pontin, D. I. and Galsgaard, K., Current amplification and magnetic reconnection at a 3D null point: Physical characteristics, J. Geophys. Res., 112, A03103, 2007. | |
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| 233 | Yeates, A.R., Constable, J.A. and Martens, P.C.H, "Solar Cycle Variation of Magnetic Flux Ropes in a Quasi-Static Coronal Evolution Model", Solar Physics 263, 121, 2010 | |
| 234 | Yeates, A.R., Hornig, G. and Wilmot-Smith, A.L., "Topological Constraints on Magnetic Relaxation", Phys. Rev. Letters 105, 085002, 2010. | |
| 235 | Yeates, A.R., Mackay, D.H., van Ballegooijen, A.A. and Constable, J.A., "A Non-potential Model for the Sun's Open Magnetic Flux", J. Geophys. Res. A 115, A09112, 2010. | |
| 236 | Bushby, P.J., Proctor, M.R.E. & Weiss, N.O. (2010), "Small-scale dynamo action in compressible convection", in Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows, Eds. N.V. Pogorelov, E. Audit, and G.P. Zank. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, pp.181-186. | |
| 237 | Gruszecki, M., Nakariakov, V.M., Van Doorsselaere, T. and Arber, T.D. "Phenomenon of Alfvenic vortex shedding", Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 055004 (2010) | |
| 238 | Pascoe, D.J., Wright, A.N., De Moortel, I. "Coupled Alfven and Kink Oscillations in Coronal Loops", The Astrophysical Journal 711, 990-996 (2010). | |
| 239 | Archontis, V., Hood, A.W., "Flux emergence and coronal eruption", Astron. Astrophys. 514, 56 (2010). doi:10.1051/0004- 6361/200913502. | |
| 240 | Fuentes-Fernández, J., Parnell, C.E., Hood,
A.W., "Magnetohydrodynamics dynamical relaxation of
coronal magnetic fields I. Parallel untwisted magnetic fields in 2D", Astron. Astrophys. 514, 90 (2010). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913902. |
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| 241 | MacTaggart, D., Hood, A.W., "Simulating the "Sliding Doors" Effect Through Magnetic Flux Emergence", Astrophys. J. Lett. 716, 219 (2010). doi:10.1088/2041- 8205/716/2/L219. | |
| 242 | McLaughlin, J.A., Hood, A.W., "MHD wave propagation near coronal null points of magnetic fields", de Moortel, I.: Space Sci. Rev., 62, (2010). doi:10.1007/s11214- 010-9654-y. | |
| 243 | Morton, R.J., Hood, A.W., Erdélyi, R., "Propagating magneto-hydrodynamic waves in a cooling homogenous coronal plasma", Astron. Astrophys. 512, 23 (2010). doi:10.1051/0004- 6361/200913365. | |
| 244 | Parnell, C.E., Maclean, R.C. and Haynes, A.L. "The detection of numerous magnetic separators in a 3D MHD model of solar emerging flux", ApJL, 725, L214-L218 (2010). doi:10.1088/2041-8205/725/2/L214 | |
| 245 | Haynes, A.L. and Parnell, C.E. "An ab-inito method for finding 3D magnetic skeletons", Physics of Plasmas, 17(9), 092903-092903-9 (2010). doi:10.1063/1.3467499 | |
| 2011 | ||
| 246 | Threlfall, J., McClements, K.G., and De Moortel, I., "Alfvén wave phase-mixing and damping in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies", Astronmy & Astrophysics 525, A155 (2011), DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201015479 | |
| 247 | Bushby, P.J., Proctor, M.R.E. & Weiss, N.O. (2011), "The influence of stratification upon small-scale convectively-driven dynamos", in Astrophysical dynamics: from stars to galaxies, Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 271, Eds. N. Brummell, A.S. Brun, M.S. Miesch & Y. Ponty, pp. 197-204. (2011) | |
| 248 | Houghton, S.M. & Bushby, P.J., (2011), "Localized plumes in three-dimensional compressible magnetoconvection", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 412, 555 (2011), DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17926.x | |
| 249 | Gordovskyy, M.; Browning, P. K., 2011, "Particle Acceleration by Magnetic Reconnection in a Twisted Coronal Loop", Ap J, 729 (?) TBC | |
| 250 | Pontin, D. I., Wilmot-Smith, A. L., Hornig, G. and Galsgaard, K. "Dynamics of braided coronal loops. II: Cascade to multiple small-scale reconnection events", A&A, 525, A57 (2011). [doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014544] | |
| 251 | McLaughlin, J. A., De Moortel, I. and Hood, A. W.,
"Phase Mixing of Nonlinear Visco-resistive Alfven
Waves", Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press (2011),
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201015552. |
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| 252 | Busse, F.H., Simitev, R., "Remarks on some typical assumptions in dynamo theory", Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. (2011), DOI: 10.1080/03091929.2010.519891. | |
| 253 | Galsgaard, K. and Pontin, D. I., "Steady state
reconnection at a single 3D magnetic null point",
A&A, 529, A20 (2011). arXiv:1102.2351. |
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| 254 | Botha, G.J.J, Arber, T.D. and Hood, A.W., "Thermal conduction effects on the kink instability in coronal loops", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 525 (2011) A96. | |
| 255 | Botha, G.J.J., Arber, T.D., Nakariakov, V.M. and Zhugzhda, Y.D., "Chromospheric resonances above sunspot umbrae", Astrophysical Journal, 728 84 (2011). | |
| 256 | Silvers, L.J., Vasil, G.M., Brummell, N.H., Proctor, M.R.E., "The Evolution of a Double Diffusive Magnetic Buoyancy Instability", Astrophysical Dynamics: From Stars to Galaxies, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, IAU Symposium, Volume 271, p.218-226 (2011) | |
| 257 | G. J. J. Botha, T. D. Arber and A. W. Hood, "Thermal conduction effects on the kink instability in coronal loops", Astronomy and Astrophysics A96, 525 (2011) | |
| 258 | Bushby, P.J., Favier, B., Proctor, M.R.E. & Weiss, N.O., "Convectively-driven dynamo action in the quiet Sun", Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics, 106, p.508-523 (2012) | |
| 259 | Silvers, Lara J.; Vasil, Geoffrey M.; Brummell, Nicholas H.; Proctor, Michael R. E., "The Evolution of a Double Diffusive Magnetic Buoyancy Instability", Astrophysical Dynamics: From Stars to Galaxies, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, IAU Symposium, Volume 271, p. 218-226 (2011) | |
| 260 | Pontin, D. I., Al-Hachami, A. K., and Galsgaard, K., "Generalised models for torsional spine and fan magnetic reconnection", A&A, 533, A78 (2011) | |
| 261 | Galsgaard, K. and Pontin, D. I., "Current accumulation at an asymmetric 3D null point caused by generic shearing motions", A&A, 534, A2 (2011) | |
| 262 | Wilmot-Smith, A.L., Pontin, D.I., Yeates, E.R., Hornig, G., "Heating of Braided Coronal Loops", A&A, 536, A67 (2011) | |
| 263 | D. Tsiklauri, "Particle acceleration by circularly and elliptically polarised dispersive Alfven waves in a transversely inhomogeneous plasma in the inertial and kinetic regimes", Phys. Plasmas 18, 092903 (2011) | |
| 264 | D. Tsiklauri, "An alternative to the plasma emission model: Particle-In-Cell, self-consistent electromagnetic wave emission simulations of solar type III radio bursts", Physics of Plasmas 18, 052903 (2011) | |
| 265 | D. Tsiklauri, R. Pechhacker, "Heating of solar chromosphere by electromagnetic wave absorption in a plasma slab model", Phys. Plasmas 18, 042901 Phys. Plasmas 18, 092903 (2011) | |
| 266 | D. Tsiklauri, "Galaxy rotation curves: the effect of j x B force", Astrophysics & Space Science, 334, 165-170, (2011) | |
| 267 | G.J.J. Botha, A.M. Rucklidge, N.E. Hurlburt, "Nonlinear nonaxisymmetric convection around magnetic flux tubes", Astrophysical Journal, 731, 108 (2011) | |
| 268 | Fuentes Fernandez, J., Parnell, C. E.. and Hood, A. W., "MHD dynamical relaxation of coronal magnetic fields. I. Parallel untwisted magnetic fields in 2D", A&A 514, A90, 10.1051/0004-6361/200913902 (2010) | |
| 269 | Fuentes Fernandez, J., Parnell, C. E. and Hood, A. W., "MHD dynamical relaxation of coronal magnetic fields. II. 2D Magnetic X-Points", A&A 536, A32, 10.1051/0004-6361/201117156 (2011) | |
| 270 | Fuentes Fernandez, J., Parnell, C. E., Hood, A. W., Priest, E. R. and Longcope, D. W., "Consequences of spontaneous reconnection at a 2D non-force-free current layer", Phys. of Plasmas, 19(2), 022901, (2012), doi: 10.1063/1.3683002 | |
| 271 | Jess, D.B., Pascoe, D.J, Christian, D.J., Mathioudakis, M., Keys, P.H., Keenan, F.P., "The Origin of Type I Spicule Oscillations", ApJ 744, 10.1088/2041-8205/744/1/L5 (2012) | |
| 272 | Pascoe, D.J., Hood, A.W., De Moortel, I., Wright, A.N., "Spatial Damping of Propagating Kink Waves due to Mode Coupling", A&A, in press. | |
| 273 | De Moortel, I., Pascoe, D.J., "The Effects of Line-of-Sight integration on Multistrand Coronal Loop Oscillations", ApJ, in press. | |
| 274 | Pascoe, D.J., De Moortel, I., Wright, A.N.K, Hood, A.W., "Damping of Propagating Coupled AlfveÌn and Kink Oscillations Excited by a Broadband Driver", submitted to ApJ. | |
| 275 | Simitev, R., Busse F.H., "Solar cycle properties described by simple convection-driven dynamos", Phys. Scr., 86, 018407 (2012), DOI:10.1088/0031-8949/86/01/018407. | |
| 276 | Simitev, R., Busse F.H., "Bistable attractors in a model of convection-driven spherical dynamos", Phys. Scr., 86, 018409 (2012), DOI:10.1088/0031-8949/86/01/018409. | |
| 277 | Harra, L.K., Archontis, V., Pedram, E,. Hood, A.W., Shelton, D.L. and van Driel-Gesztelyi, L., "The Creation of Outflowing Plasma in the Corona at Emerging Flux Regions: Comparing Observations and Simulations", Solar Physics, Online First (2011), DOI:10.1007/s11207-011-9855-x. | |
| 278 | Gruszecki M., Nakariakov V.M. and Van Doorsselaere T., "Intensity variations associated with fast sausage modes", submitted to A&A. | |
| 279 | Gruszecki M. and Nakariakov V.M., "Slow magnetacoustic waves in magnetic arcades", A&A A68 536 (2011). | |
| 280 | Gruszecki M., Vasheghani Farahani, S., Nakariakov V.M. and Arber T.D., "Magnetoacoustic shock formation near a magnetic null point", A&A A63 531 (2011). | |
| 281 | Hood, A.W, Archontis, V. and MacTaggart, D., " 3D MHD Flux Emergence Experiments: Idealised Models and Coronal Interactions", Solar Physics, Online First (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-011-9745-2, arXiv:1103.3685v1. | |
| 282 | Vargas Domínguez, S., MacTaggart, D. Green, L., van Driel-Gesztelyi, L. and Hood, A.W., "On Signatures of Twisted Magnetic Flux Tube Emergence", Solar Physics, Online First (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-011-9789-3, arXiv: 1105.0758. | |
| 2012 | ||
| 283 | Pechhacker, R., Tsiklauri, D., "The role of electron beam pitch angles and density profiles in solar type III radio bursts", Physics of Plasmas, submitted for publication (2012). Available from http://astro.qmul.ac.uk/~tsiklauri/sp.html | |
| 284 | Tsiklauri, D., "Three dimensional particle-in-cell simulation of particle acceleration by circularly polarised inertial Alfven waves in a transversely inhomogeneous plasma", Physics of Plasmas, submitted for publication (2012), Available from http://astro.qmul.ac.uk/~tsiklauri/sp.html | |
| 285 | Bareford, M.R, Hood, A.W., Browning, P.K., "Coronal heating by the partial relaxation of twisted loops", A&A, submitted. | |
| 286 | McLaughlin, J.A., Verth, G., Fedun, V. and Erdélyi, R., "Generation of Quasi-periodic Waves and Flows in the Solar Atmosphere by Oscillatory Reconnection", The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 749, 30 (2012). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/749/1/30 | |
| 287 | Fuentes Fernandez, J., Parnell, C.E. and Priest, E.R., "The onset of impulsive bursty reconnection at a two-dimensional current layer", Phys. Plasmas 19, 072901 (2012), doi:10.1063/1.4729334 | |
| 288 | Threlfall, J.W., Parnell, C.E., De Moortel, I., McClements, K.G. and Arber, T.D, "Nonlinear wave propagation and reconnection at magnetic X-points in the Hall MHD regime", A&A, 544, A24 (2012), doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201219098 | |
| 289 | Fuentes Fernandez, J. and Parnell, C.E., "Dynamical relaxation of coronal magnetic fields. III. 3D spiral nulls", A&A, in press, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201219190 | |
| 290 | Simitev, R., Busse F.H., "How far can minimal models explain the solar cycle?", Astrophys. J., 749:9 (2012), DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/749/1/9 |